Second Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIo2X26Eb8TT82-kUXb3owgPatreon: (Paused for December): https://www.patreon.com/brookemakennaDonations for this channel: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/brookemakenna Follow me on Instagram: https://instagram.com/brookemakenna_Email for Business Inquires: authorbrookemakenna@gmail.comShop My Vintage Closet on Depop @nowrongera What I'm Wearing: -Dress: Vintage! Other flight attendants hurried to the left wing, where they estimated that around 50 passengers were standing directly above the still-spinning engines. Perhaps the most high-profile occurrence of a collision of this kind is the Tenerife airport disaster, which occurred on March 27, 1977, when two Boeing 747 jets collided on the runway. Video, 00:04:00The 'Queen of Chess' who defeated Kasparov, Shuttle disaster: 'Something didn't look right' Video, 00:04:15Shuttle disaster: 'Something didn't look right', The fish that nearly caused a war. Follow on IG TikTok Join Fan Lab. The KLM crew then received instructions that specified the route that the aircraft was to follow after takeoff. [6], The disaster had a lasting influence on the industry, highlighting in particular the vital importance of using standardized phraseology in radio communications. The Tenerife Airport Disaster is considered to be the deadliest plane crash in aviation history. However, contrary to popular belief, the Dutch investigators concluded that this likely had no effect on the sequence of events and chose not to place any blame on the controller or the Pan Am crew. Either message, if heard in the KLM cockpit, would have alerted the crew to the situation and given them time to abort the takeoff attempt. It was the worst crash in aviation history. When First Officer Bragg said Well report when were clear, he was effectively stating that he was still on the runway, but a number of factors contributed to the KLM crews failure to assimilate this critical information. To make matters worse, today was Sunday, and the control tower was short-staffed. Therefore, we take steps to ensure our own ability to respond . Oh yes! van Zanten emphatically replied. [45] Facts showed that there had been misinterpretations and false assumptions before the accident. Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTVs exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/genres/crime-and-mysteryMERCH: https://teespring.com/stores/brookemakennaPrevious Video: https://youtu.be/ojeaYpvJR-MSurvival Series: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLJNM56pGxk\u0026list=PLrsG4EEms7RBriJhXqDfcT9RDFB5omAsZMy Videos In Playlists: -SOLVED CASES: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrsG4EEms7RCza4idCIaM5BgGoNalxNvN-UNSOLVED CASES: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrsG4EEms7RDoWNbwjRhZThdo7cv9comZ-SURVIVAL STORIES: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLJNM56pGxk\u0026list=PLrsG4EEms7RBriJhXqDfcT9RDFB5omAsZ-KiDS WHO KILL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcA14MmWKZA\u0026list=PLrsG4EEms7RA-wQnZ4UgiCgzg_KJ1zTrcIt was 1977 in the Canary Islands. Former travel agent Jean Brown has left the retirement. Los Rodeos, renamed Tenerife North Airport (TFN), was then used only for domestic and inter-island flights until 2002, when a new terminal was opened and Tenerife North began to carry international traffic again. Survived: 9 Died:9 Passengers There, on March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747s one belonging to KLM, the other to Pan Am collided on a foggy runway. Despite frequent spells of low visibility, the airport also didnt have any taxiway markings or a reliable means of measuring runway visibility range. At the time this was the largest airport in the Canary Islands, and for tourists arriving from abroad it was the main port of entry. Critically, however, he used the word takeoff in the transmission (right turn after takeoff), precisely the cue which Captain van Zanten was primed to expect. About two months before the accident, he had conducted the Boeing 747 qualification check on the co-pilot of Flight 4805. Note: this accident was previously featured in episode 12 of the plane crash series on November 25th, 2017, prior to the series arrival on Medium. The KLM 747 was within 100m (330ft) of the Pan Am and moving at approximately 140 knots (260km/h; 160mph) when it left the ground. The third one sir, one two three, third, third one, the controller replied. And fourth, the crash would not have been possible without the severe lack of infrastructure at Los Rodeos airport. Expecting a long delay, the KLM crew allowed their 235 passengers to disembark into the terminal, where they were given special ID cards so they could be found again at the end of the layover. The International Tenerife Memorial March 27, 1977, was inaugurated at the Mesa Mota on March 27, 2007. He travelled with Howard Harper, who was killed. This problem becomes particularly acute on the saddle between the islands two main mountain ranges, where the terrain funnels clouds directly over Los Rodeos Airport at a high rate of speed. After some initial waffling over which route to use, he eventually instructed the KLM crew to back-taxi up the runway in the wrong direction, then make a 180-degree turn at the far end. [38], Los Rodeos Airport, the only operating airport on Tenerife in 1977, was closed to all fixed-wing traffic for two days. On November 19, 1996, the aircraft collided on landing at Quincy with another Beechcraft, a private King Air, that was taking off from an intersecting runway. [65][66], In 2007, the 30th anniversary marked the first time that Dutch and American next-of-kin and aid helpers from Tenerife joined an international commemoration service, held at the Auditorio de Tenerife in Santa Cruz. Join the discussion of this article on Reddit! Lets get the hell out of here, Captain Grubbs said, eliciting a round of nervous chuckles. If they had been paying close attention the pilots probably could have understood what was said, but such concentration is not normally needed and in this case was not applied. The co-pilot who survived the Tenerife aircraft disaster In March 1977, two jumbo jets collided at Tenerife Airport killing 583 people. No, I know that, he said. The controller was also struggling to figure out how best to handle the massive 747s. [17] While the KLM was backtaxiing on the runway, the controller asked the flight crew to report when it was ready to copy the ATC clearance. [40][41], Spanish Army soldiers were tasked with clearing crash wreckage from the runways and taxiways. There is also a memorial at the Westminster Memorial Park and Mortuary in Westminster, California, US. [14], Los Rodeos was a regional airport that could not easily accommodate all of the traffic diverted from Gran Canaria, which included five large airliners. These days, he spent most of his time training new pilots, and the trip to the island of Gran Canaria would be his first regular line flight in twelve weeks. Injured. Captain Jacob Louis Veldhuyzen van Zanten was a living legend at KLM, the face of the airlines advertising campaign and the head of its Boeing 747 training program. Later reports would come to contradictory conclusions about whether this was necessary. Slaton was dispatched from Torrejon Air Base just outside of Madrid, Spain. Of the 380 passengers (mostly of retirement age, but including two children), 14 had boarded in New York, where the crew was also changed. Visibility at that point was 900 meters, but another wave of dense cloud could be seen headed toward them down the runway at a speed of about six meters per second. A Dutch national memorial and final resting place for the victims of the KLM plane is located in Amsterdam, at Westgaarde cemetery. Only upon arriving at the scene did they realize, to their immense horror, that the second fire was nothing less than another burning 747, the remains of Pan Am flight 1736. From the KLMs cockpit voice recording, it was evident that Captain van Zanten was not closely following the conversations between First Officer Meurs and air traffic control during taxi and takeoff; in fact, he had to ask repeatedly for clarification. [10] The refueling took about 35 minutes, after which the passengers were brought back to the aircraft. It cannot be emphasized enough that this had long since ceased to be a normal flight the number of considerations and ad-hoc decisions facing the two crews was highly abnormal. The instructions used the word "takeoff," but did not include an explicit statement that they were cleared for takeoff. Meanwhile, more planes quickly piled up behind it, including Pan Am flight 1736, which arrived at 14:15. Fire and accumulated metal wreckage prevented escape from the center and rear sections of the cabin. I think I just passed Charlie four now, First Officer Meurs said, observing what appeared to be the fourth and final taxiway angling off to his left. After the aircraft landed at Tenerife, the passengers were transported to the airport terminal. The country which did the least to prevent a recurrence of the horror at Tenerife was undoubtedly Spain. The ALPA study group concluded that the KLM crew did not realize that the transmission "Papa Alpha one seven three six, report when runway clear" was directed at the Pan Am, because this was the first and only time the Pan Am was referred to by that name. Roger sir, we are cleared to the Papa beacon, flight level nine zero, At that moment, Captain van Zanten pushed the throttles to takeoff power and announced, Were going!, Apparently taken by surprise, First Officer Meurs hastily finished his transmission: right turn out zero four zero until intercepting the three two five. At that moment, Pan Am Captain Victor Grubbs spotted the landing lights of the KLM 747 hurtling out of the fog. The 747 continued to accelerate, barreling directly toward the Pan Am jet still searching for the fourth exit. As airport firefighters hurried toward the dim glow of the flames, they came upon the fuselage of KLM flight 4805 lying on the runway, completely engulfed in a raging inferno. Alexander was a passenger on Pan Am flight 1477, one of two Boeing 747 jumbo jets that collided on the island of Tenerife in March 1977, killing more than 583 . One of those survivors was Purser Dorothy Kelly. On the KLM, the Pan Am 747 also appeared suddenly through the fog, its white bulk looming dead ahead. In addition, neither of the aircraft could be seen from the control tower, and the airport was not equipped with ground radar. He was one of the most respected pilots at KLM, the head of the airlines Boeing 747 training program, a man so revered that when the airline first heard of the crash they tried to recruit him to lead the investigation, not realizing he was dead. -Eyeshadow: https://go.magik.ly/ml/1344j/-Eyeliner: https://go.magik.ly/ml/1103c/-Lashes: https://go.magik.ly/ml/1103f/-Blush: https://go.magik.ly/ml/1103i/-Brow Gel: https://go.magik.ly/ml/1103l/-Foundation: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztrl/-Highlighter: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztro/-Mascara: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztrs/-Lips: https://go.magik.ly/ml/1103j/-Tiny curling Iron: https://amzn.to/3mfh17RYoutube Essentials I use: -Camera: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztqw/-Lights: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztqx/-Hard drive (used to create longer videos): https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztr6/-Microphone: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztr8/-Tri-pod: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztra/-\r128GB Memory Card (NEED for longer vids): https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztrb/-Wireless remote for camera: https://go.magik.ly/ml/ztrd/*Affiliate links above help support this channel and cost you nothing :) SOURCES: https://www.magellantv.com/video/airline-disaster-crash-of-the-century-https://confessionsofatrolleydolly.com/2017/03/26/angels-of-the-sky-dorothy-kelly-the-tenerife-disaster/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJkLrLwmV0Yhttps://www.news-journalonline.com/news/20181001/mama-im-alive-incredible-story-of-survivalhttps://www.bbc.com/news/av/magazine-35695521https://metro.co.uk/2018/10/01/woman-who-survived-worst-plane-crash-ever-saw-passenger-sliced-in-half-by-seatbelt-7995452/https://peterstenerifecrashpage.wordpress.comhttps://www.historynet.com/disaster-on-tenerife-historys-worst-airline-accident.htm#solved #survived #sponsored Officials said . Other major factors contributing to the accident were: The following factors were considered contributing but not critical: The Dutch authorities were reluctant to accept the Spanish report blaming the KLM captain for the accident. This was a problem in the crash when the Flight Engineer asked if they were not clear, but Jacob Veldhuyzen van Zanten (the captain of the KLM, with over 11,000 hours flown) said that they were obviously clear and the Flight Engineer decided that it was best not to contradict the captain. Once all the passengers were on board, he decided to fill up with an additional 55,500 liters of fuel enough to fly not just to Gran Canaria but all the way back to Amsterdam as well. After two seconds, he continued, Standby for takeoff, I will call you., At that exact moment, First Officer Bragg on the Pan Am, believing that the pause indicated the end of the transmission, keyed his mic and said, And were still taxiing down the runway, the Clipper one seven three six.. Takeoff was delayed by an extra 35 minutes, allowing time for the fog to settle in; The increased severity of the fire caused by the additional fuel led ultimately to the deaths of all those on board. When the 747, nicknamed Clipper Victor, took to the skies that night, the passengers could not have been in better hands. The apparent hesitation of the flight engineer and the first officer to challenge Veldhuyzen van Zanten further. In 1974, the Netherlands had introduced a law which delineated strict new flight duty time limits, and allowed pilots to be held criminally liable for exceeding them. Jacob Veldhuyzen van Zanten. Tenerife rises directly into the path of oceanic winds blowing off the Atlantic, which results in unpredictable conditions on the upwind slope of the island. On board the Pan Am plane, agitation grew as flight attendants struggled to attend to the passengers, who had mostly embarked at Los Angeles the previous evening and had by now consumed every ounce of food and drink aboard the 747. Fourteen people (twelve on board the 1900 and two on board the King Air) were killed as a result. The chain of events which led to the crash turned out be absurdly long. Having no good reason to believe that the KLM would take off without clearance, he considered Meurss transmission to mean that they had assumed the takeoff position. At 14:30, just 15 minutes after the arrival of the Pan Am 747 in Los Rodeos, bomb squads completed their sweep of Gran Canaria Airport. Later analysis would show that a Boeing 747 could not make the second turn because the taxiways were too narrow. Hirano, Sachiko Stewardess Ekelund, Christine Stewardess Torrech Pere, Miguel Steward (first class lounge) Luker, Marilyn Stewardess Thomas, Carol Stewardess Sarp (Buck), Aysel Stewardess Flood, Luisa Garcia Stewardess Total PanAm crew/employees: 18. According to their charts, the third exit was a narrow strip angling sharply back the way they came, requiring two successive 148-degree turns to get onto the main taxiway, which paralleled the runway. The aircraft was a Boeing 747-121, registration N736PA, named Clipper Victor. Four minutes later, he cleared the Pan Am 747 to follow the KLM up the runway, then turn off at the third exit, the nearest one which was not blocked by parked airplanes. This course of action was later expanded into what is known today as crew resource management (CRM), which states that all pilots, no matter how experienced they are, are allowed to contradict each other. 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